Traduction des recommandations pour la prise en charge physiothérapique respiratoire du patient médical adulte ventilant et avis de l'auteur
Philippe Le Masson
Kinésithér Scient 2013,0549:21-34 - 10/12/2013
Il s'agit de la première revue systématique de la littérature basée sur la preuve traitant de la prise en charge physiothérapique du patient médical respiratoire ventilant spontanément. Bien sûr, étant donné le peu d'antériorité des travaux recensés et en raison du manque de moyens et d'infrastructures pour la recherche, les niveaux de preuve ne sont le plus souvent pas des plus élevés. La physiothérapie n'est pas la seule discipline en ce cas. Ces recommandations soulignent ce qui est acquis et montrent les lacunes à combler, traçant les pistes de certaines futures recherches en physiothérapie. Pourtant, le niveau de preuve accordé au besoin de physiothérapie chez ce type de malade est très élevé et ce document est donc un premier pas vers une définition approfondie du champ d'action de la physiothérapie respiratoire. Cela prouve que la profession se préoccupe aussi d'autre chose que des obsolètes percussions thoraciques et qu'une approche raisonnée de la physiothérapie doit embrasser un large éventail de techniques parmi lesquelles : la rééducation respiratoire, la gestion de la dyspnée, l'entraînement physique et la réhabilitation pulmonaire, le drainage bronchique, la ventilation non invasive, l'aérosolthérapie, l'électrostimulation transcutanée et... l'acupuncture. Le physiothérapeute doit être totalement intégré à l'équipe de soins respiratoires, prodiguant les thérapeutiques fondées sur la preuve aptes à améliorer rapidement (aigu) et durablement (chronique) ce type de patients. Ces recommandations ouvrent aussi un processus de formulation pour les groupes de travail en physiothérapie nécessaires et indispensables à la mise en oeuvre pratique des techniques dont le niveau de preuve est élevé.
This is the first extensive systematic literature review undertaken of the existing evidence surrounding comprehensive physiotherapy management of the spontaneously breathing, medical, respiratory, adult patient. Inevitably, given the youth of the academic component of the profession, and lack of funding and infrastructure for research in physiotherapy, much of the evidence is not at the highest level. This is not unique to physiotherapy. These guidelines have highlighted where there is substantial evidence and where there is paucity of evidence. It provides direction for future physiotherapy research. There is, however, considerable evidence supporting the need for physiotherapy across all these diagnostic groups, and this document provides the first step in defining the breadth of respiratory physiotherapy. It demonstrates that the profession encompasses more than tipping and bashing'' and that the integrated approach of physiotherapy embraces a wide variety of techniques, including: breathing reeducation, dyspnoea management, physical training and pulmonary rehabilitation, airway clearance, non-invasive ventilation and acupuncture. The physiotherapist should be an integral part of any respiratory team, providing e_ ective and practical management for the benefit of the respiratory patient. These guidelines have also started the process of formulating recommendations for the physiotherapy workforce required to provide the interventions recommended.
This is the first extensive systematic literature review undertaken of the existing evidence surrounding comprehensive physiotherapy management of the spontaneously breathing, medical, respiratory, adult patient. Inevitably, given the youth of the academic component of the profession, and lack of funding and infrastructure for research in physiotherapy, much of the evidence is not at the highest level. This is not unique to physiotherapy. These guidelines have highlighted where there is substantial evidence and where there is paucity of evidence. It provides direction for future physiotherapy research. There is, however, considerable evidence supporting the need for physiotherapy across all these diagnostic groups, and this document provides the first step in defining the breadth of respiratory physiotherapy. It demonstrates that the profession encompasses more than tipping and bashing'' and that the integrated approach of physiotherapy embraces a wide variety of techniques, including: breathing reeducation, dyspnoea management, physical training and pulmonary rehabilitation, airway clearance, non-invasive ventilation and acupuncture. The physiotherapist should be an integral part of any respiratory team, providing e_ ective and practical management for the benefit of the respiratory patient. These guidelines have also started the process of formulating recommendations for the physiotherapy workforce required to provide the interventions recommended.